@dan
If you do
./configure --prefix=“$HOME” \
&& make && make test && make install
then you typically get ~/etc for the config files (and binaries in ~/bin)
~/.config is not part of any posix or Un*x standard I know of.
Some desktop environments do use it, but not because of any standard I am aware of.
@dan
Oh also I think ~/.config is used primarily for configuration files that are not intended to be edited with a text editor. Many apps (e.g. Firefox) just use ~/.firefox or something similar rather than ~/.config and app specific dot directories actually makes more sense to me for GUI driven per-user configurations.