I am a citizen of two countries: a republic and a monarchy. Both are advanced European liberal democracies.
One has a strong far right, refuse to acknowledge its own regional languages because of the threat they pose to the national unity and has a very strong head of state that can decide a lot of things alone, without being responsible before the Parliament.
The other has almost no far right, a very numerous immigrated population, recognizes three national languages but officially communicates in two other languages spoken by its two biggest immigrated communities, has a weak head of state and a strong Parliament.
I am a citizen of two countries: a republic and a monarchy. Both are advanced European liberal democracies.
One has a strong far right, refuse to acknowledge its own regional languages because of the threat they pose to the national unity and has a very strong head of state that can decide a lot of things alone, without being responsible before the Parliament.
The other has almost no far right, a very numerous immigrated population, recognizes three national languages but officially communicates in two other languages spoken by its two biggest immigrated communities, has a weak head of state and a strong Parliament.
Which one is the most “proto-fascist”? The first.
Which one is a monarchy? The second.
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For the, the main source of proto-fascism is nationalism. The form of governement is secondary.